Pdf the two books of maccabees contain important and actual moral teachings. Librivox recording of the first book of maccabees, from the douayrheims version. Jonathan, another of mattathias sons, became new high priest after the rededication of the temple and also became commander of the army. The rise of the rule and reign of antiochus iv epiphanes or the little horn as daniels says 1 maccabees 1. The death of alexander the great or male goat as daniel put it 1 maccabees 1. The books of the maccabees are books concerned with the maccabees, the leaders of the jewish rebellion against the seleucid dynasty, or related subjects. The rest of the book 5 maccabees 20 through 59 follows josephus closely and deals with events from the history of hyrcanus, the son of simeon, up to the deaths of herods sons. Pdf the metatexts of 1 and 2 maccabees researchgate. The command to forbid burnt offerings, marry greek women, build altars to idols, sacrifice swine, and leave their boys uncircumcised d. Apocrypha 1st maccabees of the king james bible 1611. The first book of the maccabees chapters 1 4 chapter 1 1.
Thus he burned with zeal for the law, just as phinehas did against zimri son of salu. The first book of maccabees i maccabees is historical work extant in greek, covering the period of 40 years from the accession of antiochus epiphanes 175 b. The term mostly refers to two deuterocanonical books contained in various canons of the bible. The first book of maccabees in order that he might reign over. The name maccabee, probably meaning hammer, is actually applied in the books of maccabees to only one man, judas, third son of the.
All the gentiles conformed to the command of the king, 43and many israelites. The presence of the desolating sacrfice, the tearing up of the books of the law, and the killing of circumcised boys and their mothers. Mattathias, a priest of the first 24 courses and therefore of the noblest who dwelt at modin, a city of judah, was the first to strike a blow. Uniform and insignia wear and appearance of army uniforms. Administrative assistant to the secretary of the army 22, page. The principal feature that it shares with 12 maccabees is that it is a story about a situation in which the jewish people, this time in egypt, were in danger of being annihilated by a hellenistic monarch, in part for their. Apocrypha 2ndmaccabees of the king james bible 1611. The original work appears to have ended with 5 maccabees 19. The first book of maccabees is an excellent and reliable historical source on the period of the maccabean revolt and its aftermath, 1754 b.
At the close of the sixteenth chapter, the remark is found. The first book of the maccabees chapters 14 chapter 1 1. As a surname it was also applied to his brothers and, by. Both 1 and 2 maccabees offer an important history that forms the background of the jewish hannukah holiday that celebrates the cleansing and restoration of the temple. Although maccabee meaning hammer was originally the nickname of the hero judah, the use of the title maccabean. No mention is made in 1 maccabees of the second expedition to egypt a year later, described in 2 mc 5.
Pdf moral teaching of 1 and 2 maccabees researchgate. In 2 macc 35 we have details concerning the maccabean revolt not found in 1 maccabees, and in treatment of episodes or incidents with which 1 maccabees deals it is often fuller and more specific, as in 2 macc 10. He fought many battles, conquered strongholds, and put to death the kings of the earth. The title of 1 and 2 maccabees is taken from the surname of judas 1 mace. A divine command theory of ethics is sometimes rejected on the grounds that such a theory is incompatible with human moral autonomy. He advanced to the ends of the earth, and plundered many nations. Pdf the physical placement of maccabees within translations provides. And all israel mourned for him with great lamentation. Protestants, jews, and some others regard it as generally reliable historically, but not a part of scripture. The book is held as canonical scripture by the catholic, orthodox.
Stephen westerholm 4 makkabees to the reader 234mcnets4. Page 1 apocrypha 2 nd maccabees of the king james bible 1611. The original hebrew is lost and the most important surviving version is the greek translation contained in the septuagint. A divine command theory of ethics is sometimes rejected on the grounds. Iv maccabees, chapter 1 1 the subject that i am about to discuss is most philosophical, that is, whether devout reason is sovereign over the emotions. He seems also to have made use of the works of josephus, but shows no. Alexander the great after alexander son of philip, the macedonian, who came from the land of kittim, had defeated king darius of the persians and the medes, he succeeded him as king. It is a chapter based on persecution by antiochus, the tyrant of syr ia, whom some called epiphanes, the madman. He gave vent to his righteous anger and he ran and killed him on the altar. Beginning in chapter three, judas, who is called maccabeus, takes command of. So it is right for me to advise you to pay earnest attention to philosophy. When mattathias saw it he burned with zeal and his heart was stirred.
The title of 3 maccabees is curious because the book has nothing to do with the maccabees who are never mentioned in it. The early church father clement of alexandria second century a. John and eleazar literature the name maccabeus was first applied to judas, one of the sons of mattathias generally called in english the maccabees, a celebrated family who defended jewish rights and customs in the 2nd century bc 1 macc 2. It is included in the catholic and eastern orthodox canons. Fourth maccabees also differs from 1 and 2 maccabees in that it doesnt focus. Two things characterize the greek civilization of the syrians.
Maccabees international standard bible encyclopedia. The book traces the struggle of the judean jews against the cruel oppression of the seleucid rulers who had taken control of judea away from the ptolemaic egyptian kings shortly after 200 b. You are a leader, an honorable and great man in this city, supported by sons and kindred. With his own hand he slew a jew at modin who was willing to offer the idolatrous sacrifices ordered by the king, and also apelles, the leader of the kings. Then judas his son, who was called maccabeus, took command in his place. Sheffield academic press, 1998, with bibliographies of other studies. Maccabees, books of, 12 international standard bible.
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